STATUS OF GREEN BUILDINGS IN INDIA
‘GREEN BUILDING’ accounts environmentally responsible and resource efficient aspects during a building’s life-cycle – from siting to design, construction, operation, maintenance, renovation and deconstruction; proportional to the reduction in carbon footprints with subsequent positive impacts on natural environment and climate. It is well-defined by the efficient use and reliable management of energy, water and other natural resources; adopting pollution and waste reduction/mitigation measures by enabling reuse and recycling; maintaining indoor air quality and consideration of environment as well as quality of life in design, construction and operation that enables the adaptation of a structure to the changes.
India, a country of diversified regions of distinctive climatic conditions with wide ranges of environmental, social and economic priorities, has reformed the approach to address the sustainability of the concept green in building structures and their performance. For adopting green solutions in the development and sustenance of buildings, India has secured third position in the world on the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) annual list of the top 10 countries outside of the US for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) in 2021. According to recent statistical analysis, India has a total of 146 LEED certified buildings, representing nearly 2.8 million gross area square meters (GSM) of space. This approx. 10% increase in LEED certified space in India from 2020, is a testament of achieving its Paris agreement and in developing a viable urban ecosystem.
Maharashtra, positioned topped in the list of green buildings in India, followed by Karnataka, Haryana, Tamil Nadu & Uttar Pradesh, according to the LEED (Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design) survey of GCB-India.
The predominant Green Building Rating Systems executed in India are:
1) GREEN RATING FOR INTEGRATED HABITAT ASSESSMENT (GRIHA): It is a national rating system of evaluation of green building credentials, accredited by the Ministry of New & Renewable Energy (MNRE), Government of India and TERI. The scheme assists in life cycle assessment of a building and its performance on various aspects of environment, based on expected results under different criteria appraisal. The scheme is revised and updated after every three years to inculcate the cutting edge technologies in the field of Science. GRIHA rating system comprises of 34 criteria points and provides rating upto 5 stars, based on the points dispensed to each criteria met by the green building. The objective of this GRIHA is to reduce the consumption of resources and promote the use of renewable and recycled materials. The validity of GRIHA certification is for five years from the date of commissioning of the building.
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LEADERSHIP IN ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT DESIGN (LEED): It is an internationally recognized and most widely used green building rating system developed by US Green Building Council in 1998. In 2001, the Indian Green Building Council (IGBC), introduced by (Confederation of Indian Industry)-Sohrabji Godrej Green Business Centre as the primary institute for green building certification, has licensed green building standards from US Green Building Council in facilitating the Green revolution in India.
At present, to strengthen the global consistency of the LEED rating system, effective June 5, 2014, GBCI (Green Business Certification Inc.) the sister organization to the USGBC, began managing the certification process for all LEED rating systems in India, which was previously managed by the Indian Green Building Council (IGBC).
All projects registered from June 30, 2014, and onward, are certified by GBCI. Only LEED India projects registered with IGBC on or before June 30, 2014, will be certified by IGBC until June 2018.
On the basis of achieved number credits on compliance with allocated standards, the building is awarded in accordance to the level of certification that is generally follow these thresholds: Certified: 40–49 points, Silver: 50–59 points, Gold: 60–79 points and Platinum: 80 points
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THE INDIAN BUREAU OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY (BEE): It was established by the Government of India in 2002 under the Energy Conservation Act. Energy Conservation Building Code is sets of standards devised to implement the energy efficiency in the design or construction of the building. The buildings are indexed against an energy performance scale which enables designers to design efficiently and sustainably. It has developed its own rating system for the buildings based on a 1 to 5 star scale. More stars mean more energy efficiency.
The Green Building Information Gateway
The Green Building Information Gateway is a web based tool developed by USGBC to provide a transparent view, detailing the world over green actions and activities of LEED building owners and project teams over time. This informative tool generates maps, relevant datasets and projections for insight analysis to reveal the trends, patterns and processes in green building practice. Users can search and explore different green building practices around the world to discover connections between projects, people, products and services.
Link of Green Building Information Gateway: http://www.gbig.org/
The building infrastructure contributes 40% of the global energy consumption and about one-third of global GHG emissions. To ensure the zero carbon, resilient and sustainable cities, it is imperative for a systematic and holistic approach to adopt the best reduction and sustainable practices in built environment, to meet 2030 global reduction goals of COP 26 against climate crisis. World Green Building Council and green building networks world over, are ready for advancing in green built infrastructure for a massive transaction to secure a healthy and bright futures for all communities of planet.
Source
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