Glossary

A right in respect of an object (as land owned by one person) in virtue of which the object (Land) is subjected to a specified use or enjoyment by another person or for the benefit of another thing.

 Eco-city - An eco-city is a city built off the principles of living within the means of the environment.Such a city should ideally fulfill the following requirements:

·          Operates on a self-contained economy, resources needed are found locally

·          Has completely carbon-neutral and renewable energy production

·          Has a well-planned city layout and public transportation system that makes the priority methods of transportation as follows possible: walking first, then cycling, and then public transportation.

·          Resource conservation—maximizing efficiency of water and energy resources, constructing a waste management system that can recycle waste and reuse it, creating a zero-waste system

·          Restores environmentally damaged urban areas

·          Ensures decent and affordable housing for all socio-economic and ethnic groups and improve jobs opportunities for disadvantaged groups, such as women, minorities, and the disabled

·          Supports local agriculture and produce

·          Promotes voluntary simplicity in lifestyle choices, decreasing material consumption, and increasing awareness of environmental and sustainability issues

The 1981 census, the data of main workers were presented for the four categories viz, cultivators, agricultural labourers, household industry and other workers. Categories III, IV, V, (b) , VI to IX were clubbed together and the data were presented under the category of 'other workers. In 1991 census the data for main workers have been classified in to nine industrial as in 1971 census. The categories are: I - cultivators, II- Agricultural Labourers, III-Livestock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting, and Plantations, or orchards and allied activities, IV- mining and quarrying, V-(a) Manufacturing, processing, servicing and repairs in household industry, V(b) Manufacturing , processing, servicing and repair in other than household industry, VI- constructions, VII-trade and commerce, VIII- Transport, storage and communications, IX- other services.

 A community of plants, animals and smaller organisms that live, feed, reproduce and interact in the same area or environment. Ecosystems have no fixed boundaries; a single lake, a watershed, or an entire region could be considered an ecosystem.

Goods and services produced by nature and shaped by social ecological processes that are beneficial to humans.

 A secondary CBD on the edge of the city.

Edges are the linear elements not used or considered as a path by the observer. They are the boundaries between two phases linear breaks in continuity: shores, railroad cuts, edges of development, walls etc. such edges may be barriers, more or less penetrable, which close one region off from the other; or they may be seams, lines along with two regions which are related and joined together.

The fancy science behind urban planning. A term used by people who really care about The Power of Design.

 People who leave the city for the countryside

 Emission Factor: For stationary sources, the relationship between the amount of pollution produced and the amount of raw material processed or burned. For mobile sources, the relationship between the amount of pollution produced and the number of vehicle miles traveled. By using the emission factor of a pollutant and specific data regarding quantities of materials used by a given source, it is possible to compute emissions for the source. This approach is used in preparing an emissions inventory.

 Emission Offsets (also known as Emissions Trading): A rule-making concept whereby approval of a new or modified stationary source of air pollution is conditional on the reduction of emissions from other existing stationary sources of air pollution. These reductions are required in addition to reductions required by best available control technology.

 Energy conservation - using energy efficiently or prudently; saving energy.

 Energy management:A program of well-planned actions aimed at reducing energy use, recurrent energy costs, and detrimental greenhouse gas emissions.

Environmental certification is a form of environmental regulation and development where a company can voluntarily choose to comply with predefined processes or objectives set forth by the certification service. Most certification services have a logo (commonly known as an ecolabel) which can be applied to products certified under their standards. This is seen as a form of corporate social responsibility allowing companies to address their obligation to minimise the harmful impacts to the environment by voluntarily following a set of externally set and measured objectives.

The locations of earth's surface directly above the focus is called the Epicentre.

Any dynamic process, which causes the removal of earth materials, distinguished here from weathering, denudation and mass wasting.

 Statements of ethical principle that inform the private and social valuation of biological resources.

These are divided arterial highway for motor traffic, with full or partial control of access and provided generally with grade separation at intersections. It connects major activity areas and its main function is to provide for movement of heavy volumes of motor traffic at high speed.

The area, surrounding a metropolitan area beyond the suburbs.